National Eisteddfod – August 5-12, 2023

History of National Eisteddfod

The history of the National Eisteddfod can be traced back to a competition when the Cardigan Eisteddfod was held in 1176 by Prince Rhys ap Gruffydd, the ruler of the Welsh Kingdom at the time. In 1861, the first official National Eisteddfod took place in Aberdare. The Eisteddfod has been held annually since, except for 1914, the beginning of World War I. In 1940, during World War II, the festival did not take place due to fear of enemy attack, so an Eisteddfod radio program was broadcast by the B.B.C. instead. Since 1950, a strict rule requires all activities to be in Welsh, except for settings of the Mass in Latin.

The National Eisteddfod festival changes its Maes (Welsh for Field) every year, alternating between north and south Wales. The festival attracts around 150,000 visitors and more than 6,000 competitors. Being well-received and offering opportunities to compete, the festival attracts thousands of Welsh language learners and those who do not speak the lingo. But don’t worry, translation services and bilingual information are available. Also, there is a center for learning Welsh at the Maes. Although the Welsh language is an essential part of National Eisteddfod, the festival is more than just a Welsh language event.

There are music, dance, literature, visual arts, original performances, family activities, and various kinds of competitions as well as more than 250 stands. Wales’ leading writers, poets, and musicians competed in the festival, and numerous performers appeared on a national stage for the first time. National Eisteddfod uplifts the language, the culture, and the local economy. And, it brings people together of all ages and backgrounds, from different parts of Wales, through volunteering opportunities.