Cattle Producers Prep for Bull Buying and Breeding Season

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As the spring season approaches, cattle producers are making plans for buying bulls and preparing for annual breeding seasons. Purchasing a bull is a significant decision, as mature bulls can breed up to 30 cows in a single season, greatly influencing the genetics of the herd. Before buying a bull, it's essential to understand the importance of breeding soundness exams (BSE) and expected progeny differences (EPD) to make informed decisions that can increase the efficiency and profitability of the beef cattle operation.

Why it matters

Conducting BSEs and evaluating EPDs can help cattle producers identify and address any reproductive issues in bulls, leading to improved herd fertility and overall profitability. This is especially important as the bull's genetic influence can have a significant impact on the next generation of beef in the herd.

The details

A BSE is performed by a veterinarian and includes a physical examination, semen evaluation, and examination of reproductive organs. Bulls that meet the minimum standards are classified as 'satisfactory potential breeders,' while those that do not pass are either 'deferred' or 'unsatisfactory potential breeders.' Producers should plan to have BSEs completed at least 61 days prior to releasing the bull to begin breeding, as this allows time for the production of healthier sperm cells. In addition to BSEs, producers should also evaluate EPDs, which are predictions of a bull's genetic transmitting ability to its offspring. EPDs can be used to select for specific traits, such as calving ease or weaning weight, depending on the producer's goals and operation.

• Cattle producers should plan to have BSEs completed at least 61 days prior to releasing the bull to begin breeding.
• The 2026 spring season is approaching, and many cattle producers are beginning to make plans for buying bulls and preparing for annual breeding seasons.