Makeup's Surprising 6,000-Year History Revealed

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Makeup has a rich and layered history dating back over 6,000 years to ancient Egypt, where both men and women used cosmetics not just for appearance but also for cultural and practical purposes. Over the centuries, makeup has reflected social status, been associated with witchcraft, and even served as a symbol of patriotism. This article explores lesser-known facts about the history of cosmetics, including how contouring has roots in film and theater, how red insect dye is still used in makeup today, and how eyeliner was once used to protect eyes from the sun.

Why it matters

Understanding the deep history of makeup provides important context about how cosmetics have evolved over millennia to become an integral part of many cultures and daily beauty routines. Tracing the origins and evolution of makeup sheds light on how it has been used for purposes beyond just enhancing appearance, from signaling social status to making political statements.

The details

Makeup's origins date back over 6,000 years to ancient Egypt, where both men and women used cosmetics not just for appearance but also for cultural and practical purposes. Kohl lined the eyes, rouge added color to the cheeks, and white powders were used to alter skin tone, while crushed malachite created striking green eyeshadow. Makeup was even documented in ancient texts, including the Old and New Testaments. It wasn't until the early 20th century that cosmetics began to resemble what we recognize today, with bold, visible products like red lipstick entering the mainstream. Makeup has also been used to reflect social status, with the wealthiest having access to more refined formulas made from rare minerals and ingredients. Additionally, red insect dye from crushed beetles, known as cochineal, has been approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics and makeup. Eyeliner was once used not just for beauty but also to protect the eyes from the sun and infections due to its antimicrobial properties. Lipstick was formerly associated with witchcraft in 16th century England, and during World War II, a bold red lip became a symbol of resilience, femininity, and national pride in the United States.

• Makeup's origins date back more than 6,000 years to ancient Egypt.
• Makeup was documented in ancient texts, including the Old and New Testaments.
• Makeup began to resemble what we recognize today in the early 20th century, with bold, visible products like red lipstick entering the mainstream.

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