Landscape Architects Say Garden 'Bones' Matter as Much as Plantings

A solid foundation is the key to a flourishing garden, experts explain.

Mar. 17, 2026 at 9:22pm

Got story updates? Submit your updates here. ›

Landscape designers emphasize the importance of considering the 'bones' or foundational elements of a garden, such as structures, pathways, and permanent plantings, before focusing on the specific plants and decor. Establishing these core elements first helps guide the overall composition and functionality of the outdoor space.

Why it matters

Thoughtfully planning the bones of a garden, rather than just jumping straight to the plantings, can create a more cohesive and long-lasting outdoor space that meets the homeowner's needs and lifestyle. This approach also allows for the garden to evolve and change over time as plants grow and transform.

The details

Landscape architects recommend evaluating the current state of the space and envisioning how the garden will be used, whether for entertaining, gardening, or relaxation. This helps determine the appropriate structures, pathways, and permanent plantings to incorporate as the foundational 'bones.' Materials like stone, pebbles, and hedges can create defined garden rooms and flow, while decorative elements like urns or statues can add historic charm. Experts advise keeping the 'bones' simple and cohesive with the home's architectural style.

  • Landscape designer Melissa Reavis says it's important to establish the garden's 'bones' before selecting plants, just as you would create a home's floor plan before furnishing it.

The players

Doug Hoerr

Co-founder of landscape architecture firm Hoerr Schaudt.

Melissa Reavis

Landscape architect at Hollander Design Landscape Architects.

Janice Parker

Landscape architect.

Daniel L. McCurry

Landscape designer at Father Nature Landscape.

Roy Morton

Garden antiques dealer at Architectural Heritage.

Got photos? Submit your photos here. ›

What they’re saying

“Anything beyond the threshold of the house can be considered part of the 'bones,' and it's best to consider the bones of a landscape much like we consider architectural elements.”

— Doug Hoerr, Co-founder of landscape architecture firm Hoerr Schaudt

“It's important to get the foundation of the design set before you select plants just as you would establish the floor plan of your house before you select furniture or decorations.”

— Melissa Reavis, Landscape architect at Hollander Design Landscape Architects

“Plants are always growing; they are living things. So, your landscape is ever changing, transforming, and has a dynamic of its own. Planting the bones and permanent structures first will help you decide where to place your plantings and what to plant.”

— Janice Parker, Landscape architect

“The house dictates what piece you can bring in. You pull pieces that would fit the style of the architecture that has been drawn, or that you're working to develop for your home.”

— Daniel L. McCurry, Landscape designer at Father Nature Landscape

“Simplicity is typically the best way to go; don't overcomplicate things!”

— Roy Morton, Garden antiques dealer at Architectural Heritage

The takeaway

Establishing the foundational 'bones' of a garden, such as structures, pathways, and permanent plantings, before focusing on the specific plants and decor can create a more cohesive, functional, and long-lasting outdoor space that evolves with the homeowner's needs and lifestyle over time.