Scientists Unlock Light-Controlled Crystal Formation

NYU researchers develop a breakthrough method to dynamically program crystal assembly using light.

Apr. 11, 2026 at 9:54pm

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A highly structured abstract painting featuring sweeping geometric arcs, concentric circles, and precise spirals in soft colors, conceptually representing the complex process of light-controlled crystal formation.A breakthrough in material science unlocks the power of light to dynamically control the formation of intricate crystals, paving the way for a new era of programmable, reconfigurable materials.NYC Today

In a groundbreaking study, scientists at New York University have discovered a way to control the formation of crystals using nothing more than a beam of light. By adding light-sensitive molecules called photoacids to a solution of colloidal particles, the researchers can manipulate the particles' behavior and trigger the assembly or disassembly of crystals on demand.

Why it matters

This discovery could lead to the development of reconfigurable materials with tunable properties, enabling advancements in areas like photonic devices, adaptive sensors, and next-generation display technologies. The ability to dynamically control crystal formation at the microscale opens up new possibilities for creating smart, programmable materials.

The details

The researchers found that when light is directed onto the photoacids, they undergo a temporary transformation, becoming more acidic. This change in acidity influences the interaction between the photoacids and the colloidal particles, altering their electric charge. As a result, the particles either attract or repel each other, leading to the formation or melting of crystals. By adjusting the intensity, timing, and spatial patterns of light, the scientists can precisely control the crystallization process.

  • The study was published in the journal Chem on April 11, 2026.

The players

Stefano Sacanna

A leading researcher in the field of crystal formation and a professor at New York University.

Steven van Kesteren

A key author of the study and a researcher at New York University.

Glen Hocky

An associate professor at New York University and another author of the study.

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What they’re saying

“We're getting closer to dynamic, programmable colloidal materials that can be reconfigured as needed. This system also allows us to test and validate our predictions on self-assembly behavior when particle interactions change over time or space.”

— Glen Hocky, Associate Professor

“It's like we've given light a remote control over matter. We can now program how these particles organize themselves at the microscale.”

— Stefano Sacanna, Professor

“Our photoacid system gave us an incredible level of control. A slight adjustment in light intensity could make the difference between particles sticking together or remaining free.”

— Steven van Kesteren, Researcher

What’s next

The researchers plan to continue exploring the potential applications of their light-controlled crystal formation technique, including the development of reconfigurable materials and adaptive sensors.

The takeaway

This breakthrough in material science could unlock a new era of programmable, dynamic materials that can be tailored on demand, paving the way for advancements in photonics, displays, and other cutting-edge technologies.