Stephen Hawking: Defying ALS, Inspiring Generations

The renowned physicist's decades-long battle with a debilitating disease became a symbol of resilience and the power of the human spirit.

Published on Feb. 14, 2026

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Stephen Hawking, the renowned theoretical physicist, reshaped our understanding of the universe despite a decades-long battle with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Diagnosed at 21, Hawking defied medical expectations, living with the condition for over five decades and continuing his groundbreaking work. His ability to not only persevere but to thrive in the face of such adversity transformed him into a global icon and a beacon of hope for those facing challenges.

Why it matters

Hawking's story isn't simply about overcoming a disease; it's about redefining what it means to live fully, even when confronted with seemingly insurmountable challenges. His journey, marked by increasing physical limitations, ultimately led to a deeper appreciation for the present, a perspective he shared openly and which continues to inspire people around the world.

The details

Hawking was diagnosed with ALS in 1963, with doctors initially estimating he had only two years to live. However, his case was unique, as the disease initially affected his spinal cord, a slower-progressing form of the illness. This allowed him to continue his intellectual pursuits for decades beyond what is typically expected. Despite increasing paralysis, Hawking utilized a computerized voice synthesis system, enabling him to deliver lectures, write books, and participate in scientific debates.

  • Hawking was diagnosed with ALS in 1963 at the age of 21.
  • He began using a cane in the late 1960s and transitioned to a wheelchair as the disease progressed.
  • Hawking lost his ability to speak following a tracheotomy in 1985 due to pneumonia.
  • Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76.

The players

Stephen Hawking

A renowned theoretical physicist who reshaped our understanding of the universe and became a global icon for his decades-long battle with ALS.

Maite Solas

The vice president of the Spanish Foundation for the Promotion of Research on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (FUNDELA) and a professor of Cellular Biology at the Complutense University of Madrid.

Dr. Mel Barry

A representative from the UK's Motor Neurone Disease Association, who noted that Hawking's longevity was 'very unusual, quite unusual' compared to most ALS patients.

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What they’re saying

“Although there was a cloud over my future, I found, to my surprise, that I enjoyed life in the present more than I had ever done before.”

— Stephen Hawking (Annals of Neurosciences)

“Hawking's longevity was 'very unusual, quite unusual', as most patients have a life expectancy of one to five years after diagnosis.”

— Dr. Mel Barry, Representative, UK's Motor Neurone Disease Association (BBC Mundo)

The takeaway

Stephen Hawking's life serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of embracing the present moment and finding joy even in the face of adversity. His legacy continues to inspire scientists, individuals facing health challenges, and anyone seeking to live a meaningful life, proving that the human spirit can transcend even the most daunting of physical limitations.