What Causes Yellow Eyes and Jaundice?

Harvard expert explains the reasons behind this common medical condition.

Apr. 9, 2026 at 9:09pm

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A ghostly, translucent X-ray photograph showing the internal structure of the human eye, with the sclera glowing in shades of amber, conceptually representing the yellowing associated with jaundice.An X-ray view reveals the internal structures of the eye, highlighting the yellowing sclera that can signal an underlying health issue.Boston Today

If the whites of your eyes turn yellow, it's likely a sign of jaundice caused by elevated bilirubin levels in the blood. This can be due to various underlying conditions, including excessive red blood cell breakdown, liver cell abnormalities, enzyme deficiencies, blocked bile ducts, or cirrhosis. Prompt medical evaluation is recommended, even if you feel fine otherwise.

Why it matters

Jaundice is an important symptom that can indicate serious underlying health issues. Understanding the potential causes can help people recognize when to seek medical attention and get an accurate diagnosis.

The details

Bilirubin is produced during the normal turnover of red blood cells. When old red blood cells die, hemoglobin is released into the bloodstream and converted to bilirubin. In a healthy person, the liver processes bilirubin and delivers it to the bile ducts. But various conditions can cause bilirubin levels to build up in the blood, leading to the yellow discoloration of the eyes and skin known as jaundice.

  • The article was published on April 9, 2026.

The players

Howard LeWine, M.D.

An internist at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.

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What they’re saying

“If a person's sclerae (the white part of the eye, it requires prompt medical evaluation, even if you otherwise completely feel fine.”

— Howard LeWine, M.D., Internist

What’s next

Individuals who notice yellowing of the eyes should schedule a prompt medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

The takeaway

Yellow eyes can be an important warning sign of jaundice, which can stem from various health conditions affecting the liver, bile ducts, or red blood cells. Seeking timely medical attention is crucial to identify and address the root problem.