Rhapsody in Blue Debuts, Defining American Music

George Gershwin's iconic jazz-influenced composition premiered 100 years ago, challenging classical music norms.

Published on Feb. 13, 2026

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In 1924, composer George Gershwin was commissioned by bandleader Paul Whiteman to write a new piece for Whiteman's concert "An Experiment in Modern Music," which aimed to explore the question "What is American Music?". With just five weeks to compose, Gershwin created his now-famous "Rhapsody in Blue," which premiered at Aeolian Hall in New York City on February 12, 1924. The piece blended classical and jazz styles, challenging the classical music establishment's view of jazz as "low-brow." Though initially met with mixed reviews, "Rhapsody in Blue" went on to become one of the most beloved and iconic American classical compositions.

Why it matters

Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue" is considered a landmark work that helped define American music by fusing classical and jazz elements. It challenged the classical music establishment's dismissal of jazz as inferior, and the piece's immense popularity helped elevate jazz and other uniquely American musical styles. The work's enduring legacy and influence on subsequent American composers make it a pivotal moment in the development of a distinct American classical music tradition.

The details

Gershwin was initially hesitant to compose the piece on such short notice, but Whiteman convinced him. Working quickly, Gershwin drew from musical ideas he had jotted down in his "Tune Books" over the years. The premiere at Aeolian Hall was a major event, with the small venue packed to capacity despite the snowy weather. Though some critics found flaws in the composition, the audience erupted in applause at the end, and Gershwin and Whiteman took multiple curtain calls.

  • On January 7, 1924, Gershwin began work on "Rhapsody in Blue."
  • The piece premiered on February 12, 1924 at Aeolian Hall in New York City.

The players

George Gershwin

A 25-year-old composer who was commissioned by Paul Whiteman to write a new piece for Whiteman's concert exploring "American music." Gershwin created the iconic "Rhapsody in Blue" in just five weeks.

Paul Whiteman

A popular bandleader in the 1920s who organized the "An Experiment in Modern Music" concert that premiered "Rhapsody in Blue." Whiteman convinced Gershwin to compose the piece on short notice.

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What they’re saying

“There I gazed upon a picture that should have imparted new vigor to my wilting confidence. It was snowing, but men and women were fighting to get into the door.”

— Paul Whiteman, Bandleader

“Thanks to the centennial, you're likely to come across a lot of 'Rhapsody' performances this year — not that the anniversary makes much difference, because that's always the case.”

— Ethan Iverson, Pianist-composer (New York Times)

What’s next

The legacy of "Rhapsody in Blue" continues, with the piece remaining a staple of classical and pops concert programs worldwide. As the 100th anniversary of its premiere approaches, music lovers can expect to see many special performances and tributes to Gershwin's iconic work.

The takeaway

Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue" was a groundbreaking work that helped establish a distinctly American classical music tradition by blending jazz and classical elements. Its immense popularity and influence make it a landmark composition that continues to captivate audiences a century after its premiere.