Doctors Warn 'Buffalo Hump' Can Signal Hidden Health Issues

Fatty neck bulge may indicate underlying conditions like Cushing's syndrome or medication side effects.

Apr. 13, 2026 at 10:50am

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Experts say a 'buffalo hump' - a fatty bulge at the base of the neck - is not always just a cosmetic concern, as it can sometimes signal an underlying medical condition. Factors like poor posture, obesity, and long-term medication use can contribute to the development of this condition. Doctors advise seeking medical evaluation if the hump appears suddenly, continues to grow, or is accompanied by other symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, or hormonal changes.

Why it matters

As more Americans struggle with issues like poor posture, obesity, and chronic health conditions requiring long-term medications, the prevalence of 'buffalo humps' is on the rise. Understanding the potential medical causes behind this condition is important, as it can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of underlying issues.

The details

A 'buffalo hump' is a fullness or fatty bulge at the base of the neck or upper back area. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor posture, weight gain, and certain medical conditions or medications. Experts say the hump is often confused with a 'dowager's hump' caused by spinal curvature, but a true buffalo hump will feel soft and fatty. Potential underlying causes include Cushing's syndrome, long-term steroid use, and even some HIV treatments. Symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, and hormonal changes may indicate an endocrine disorder rather than just a cosmetic issue.

  • Experts have recently been seeing an increase in the prevalence of 'buffalo humps' among Americans.

The players

Dr. Dahlia Rice

A Chicago-based plastic surgeon and founder of DMR Aesthetics.

Dr. Rachel Mason

A Las Vegas-based plastic surgeon and founder of La Femme Plastic Surgery.

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What they’re saying

“A buffalo hump is a fullness at the base of the neck or upper back area.”

— Dr. Dahlia Rice, Plastic Surgeon

“In some cases, it can be associated with medical conditions like Cushing's syndrome or long-term use of steroids.”

— Dr. Rachel Mason, Plastic Surgeon

What’s next

If the buffalo hump appears suddenly, continues to grow, or is accompanied by other symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, or hormonal changes, doctors recommend seeking medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

The takeaway

While a buffalo hump is not usually dangerous on its own, it can be a sign of an underlying medical condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment. Identifying the root cause early is important to ensure the right treatment approach and prevent more serious complications.