Iowa's I-35 Split Shapes Distinct Regional Identities

Eastern and Western Iowa differ in industry, geography, and culture

Published on Feb. 13, 2026

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Iowa's geography and identity are deeply shaped by the I-35 divide, with Eastern Iowa known for its industrial hubs, river ties, and historic cities like Dubuque, while Western Iowa celebrates its agricultural output, natural beauty, and towns like Council Bluffs. Though the two regions have distinct characteristics, the state's capital of Des Moines serves as a unifying force, drawing influence from both sides.

Why it matters

The I-35 split in Iowa highlights how geography and regional differences can profoundly shape a state's identity and culture. Understanding these divides is crucial for appreciating Iowa's diverse landscapes, economies, and communities.

The details

Eastern Iowa has a higher population density, greater industrial output, and stronger ties to the Mississippi River, giving it more in common with neighboring states like Wisconsin and Illinois. In contrast, Western Iowa is known for its agricultural prowess, the Iowa Great Lakes, and unique geological formations like the Loess Hills along the Missouri River. Major cities on either side of the divide, such as Davenport and Sioux City, Dubuque and Council Bluffs, reflect these regional differences in their economies, histories, and cultures.

  • The I-35 divide in Iowa has existed for decades, shaping the state's identity and development since the early 20th century.
  • The Driftless Area in Eastern Iowa, left untouched by glaciers, has been a distinct geographic region for thousands of years.

The players

Iowa

The Midwestern state known for its agricultural output, diverse landscapes, and unique regional identities.

I-35

The major interstate highway that runs north-south through the center of Iowa, dividing the state into distinct Eastern and Western regions.

Davenport

A major city in Eastern Iowa, known as the largest of the Quad Cities and a hub for manufacturing and Mississippi River tourism.

Sioux City

A city in Western Iowa located on the Missouri River, with ties to the Lewis and Clark Expedition and a monument honoring Sgt. Charles Floyd.

Dubuque

The oldest city in Iowa, located in Eastern Iowa along the Mississippi River, home to historic landmarks like the Fenelon Place Elevator and the National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium.

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What’s next

As Iowa continues to evolve, understanding the cultural and geographic divides between Eastern and Western Iowa will be crucial for policymakers, businesses, and residents to address the unique needs and identities of different regions within the state.

The takeaway

The I-35 divide in Iowa is more than just a geographic split - it reflects deep-seated differences in industry, culture, and community that have defined the state for generations. Embracing this diversity is key to understanding Iowa's complex identity and charting its future.